Iyini i-BIOS?
La I-BIOS, noma i-Basic Input/Output System, ibalulekile futhi ibalulekile isofthiwe efakwe ku-motherboard yekhompyutha yakho. Lolu hlelo oluncane lwesofthiwe luqala ukusebenza uma uvula umshini wakho, nangaphambi kwesistimu yokusebenza. I-BIOS iqukethe imiyalelo elawula imisebenzi eyisisekelo yekhompuyutha yakho, njengokuqalisa, ukuqinisekiswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, kanye nemisebenzi yokufaka/yokukhiphayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
I-BIOS iyi-firmware, okusho ukuthi iza ifakwe ngaphambili ku-hardware yekhompiyutha futhi ayikwazi ukuguqulwa uhlelo lokusebenza noma izinhlelo zomsebenzisi. Ingabuyekezwa, kodwa lo msebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngokucophelela njengoba iphutha lingabangela ukuthi ikhompuyutha iyeke ukusebenza.
Inqubo yokuqalisa i-BIOS
Inhloso enkulu ye I-BIOS ukuqalisa ihadiwe yekhompuyutha yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi yonke into isebenza kahle ukuze isistimu yokusebenza iqalise futhi isebenze. Lokhu kwaziwa njengenqubo yokuqalisa, futhi kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu:
- Ukuqaliswa kwesistimu: I-BIOS inesibopho sokuqala sokuqalisa nokuqinisekisa ihadiwe yesistimu.
- I-Power-on self-test (POST): Ibese yenza uchungechunge lokuhlola olwaziwa ngele-POST. Uma yonke into ilungile, isistimu iqhubekela esinyathelweni esilandelayo.
- Ilayisha uhlelo lokusebenza: Ekugcineni, i-BIOS ilayisha isistimu yokusebenza kumemori yekhompyutha bese idlulisela ukulawula kuyo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma izinkinga zitholakala ngesikhathi se-POST, i-BIOS izokhipha imisindo yephutha, lapho ungakwazi ukukhomba ingxenye ye-hardware ehlulekayo.
Ukusetha kwe-BIOS
I-BIOS iphinde inikeze imenyu yokusetha, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babuke futhi baguqule izilungiselelo zesistimu. Lapha ungakwazi ukulungisa amapharamitha esistimu ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhleleka kokuqalisa, izici zokucubungula, idethi yesistimu nesikhathi, nezinye izilungiselelo zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha.
Khumbula ukuthi noma yiziphi izinguquko kuzilungiselelo ze-BIOS kufanele zenziwe ngokucophelela, njengoba izilungiselelo ezingalungile zingabangela isistimu ukuthi ihluleke ukuqalisa.
Buyekeza i-BIOS
Kwesinye isikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubuyekeze i-BIOS ukuze ulungise ukuhambisana noma izinkinga zokuphepha, noma ukwengeza ukusebenza okusha. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuwumsebenzi okufanele wenziwe kuphela uma kunesidingo futhi ulandela izincomo zomenzi, njengoba iphutha ngesikhathi sokuvuselela lingabangela ukuthi uhlelo lungavuleki.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-BIOS ne-UEFI
El UEFI (I-Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) wuhlobo lwe-BIOS olunikeza ukusebenza okwengeziwe futhi oluhambisana kangcono nehadiwe yesimanje. Nakuba igama elithi BIOS lisasetshenziswa kakhulu, izinhlelo eziningi zesimanje zisebenzisa i-UEFI esikhundleni se-BIOS yangempela.
Naphezu kokungafani, inhloso eyinhloko yazo zombili iyafana: ukulungisa uhlelo ukuze uhlelo lokusebenza lukwazi ukulayisha futhi luqale ukusebenza.
Ngamafuphi, i- I-BIOS Iyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi ikhompuyutha futhi ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani kuzokusiza uthole ukusebenza okungcono emshinini wakho futhi uxazulule izinkinga ezingaba khona.
