- I-Docker ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukanisiwe ezitsheni, ugweme ukungqubuzana kwesofthiwe futhi wenze kube lula ukuphatheka ku-NAS.
- Ukuphatha amavolumu kanye nokubopha kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yohlelo lokusebenza ayilahleki lapho kubuyekezwa izitsha.
- Kunamathuluzi amaningi okuphatha atholakalayo, kusukela ku-interfaces zomdabu ze-Synology ne-QNAP kuya kubaphathi abathuthukile njengoPortainer.
- I-homelab evikelekile idinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-reverse proxies nama-VPN ukuze kuvezwe izinsizakalo ngaphandle ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yendawo.
Uma usunesifiso sokwazi ngomhlaba we-virtualization elula, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane ne-Docker. Kulabo kithi abane-NAS ekhaya, kungaba yi-Synology noma i-QNAP, lobu buchwepheshe bufana nokuvula umnyango wamathuba angenamkhawulo okwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela , okusivumela ukuthi siguqule idivayisi elula yokugcina amafayela ibe yiseva yangempela yasekhaya ekwazi ukuphatha zonke izinhlobo zezinsizakalo ngaphandle kokuxinwa yizinto ezixhomeke kuzo.
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi awudingi ukuba yingcweti yekhompyutha ukuze uqale ukulungisa. I-Docker ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitsheni ezihlukanisiwe , okusho ukuthi uma kukhona okungahambi kahle kuhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa, ngeke kuqede lonke uhlelo. Iyithuluzi elifanele labo abajabulela ukufunda nge-Linux ne-Raspberry Pi, njengoba inikeza indawo ephephile yokuhlola, ukususa, nokufaka kabusha ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphula uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-NAS.
Iyini ngempela i-Docker futhi isebenza kanjani ku-NAS?
Ngokungafani nemishini yendabuko ebonakalayo (njenge-VMware noma i-Hyper-V), elingisa ihadiwe ephelele futhi edinga ukufakwa kwesistimu yokusebenza yonke, i-Docker isebenzisa i-virtualization elula . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izitsha zabelana nge-kernel yesistimu yokusebenza yomsingathi, zidla izinsiza ze-RAM ne-CPU ezimbalwa kakhulu.
Endaweni ye-NAS, lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaba nezinsizakalo eziningi ezisebenza ngasikhathi sinye. Isibonelo, ungasetha iseva yefayela, i-ad blocker, kanye nedathabheyisi, konke kusebenza ku-QTS noma i-DSM instance efanayo. Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi awudingi ukukhathazeka ngehadiwe ethile; uma isithombe se-Docker sihambisana nokwakheka kwakho (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yi-x86 noma i-ARM), sizosebenza ngendlela efanayo nanoma iyiphi enye ikhompyutha.
Amathuluzi okuphatha: Kusukela kokulula kuya kokuthuthukile
Kuye ngohlobo lwedivayisi yakho, uzoba nethuluzi lendabuko lokuqalisa. I-Synology inikeza i-Container Manager (eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-Docker), kanti i-QNAP inikeza i-Container Station . Zombili lezi zixhumi zinembile kakhulu futhi zikuvumela ukuthi useshe izithombe ngqo kusuka ku-Docker Hub bese uziqalisa ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje.
Kodwa-ke, kulabo abafuna ukulawula baye ezingeni elilandelayo, kukhona i-Portainer . Leli thuluzi liyimenenja yeziqukathi eqinile kakhulu engafakwa njengesiqukathi uqobo lwayo. I-Portainer inikeza isikhombikubona sezithombe esiphelele kakhulu , esikuvumela ukuthi uphathe amanethiwekhi abonakalayo, wenze isipele seziqukathi, futhi usebenzise izinsizakalo usebenzisa izikripthi noma amafayela okucushwa, okususa ngokuphelele ukuncika kwesiphequluli sewebhu uma kuhlanganiswa ne-SSH.
Ubuciko bokungalahlekelwa idatha: Amavolumu kanye nama-Bind Mounts
Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu lapho uqala ukulahlekelwa yizo zonke izilungiselelo zohlelo lokusebenza lapho ulubuyekeza. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba, ngokuzenzakalelayo, izitsha azihlali isikhathi eside. Ukuze sixazulule lokhu, sidinga ukusebenzisa ukuphikelela kwedatha . Yilapho imiqondo emibili ebalulekile okufanele wonke umsebenzisi we-NAS ayiqonde kahle iqale khona.
- Ukuhlanganisa Imihlangano: Lokhu kuhilela ukumaka ifolda yangempela ku-NAS yakho (isibonelo, /volume1/docker/config) endleleni yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesitsha. Kuyindlela ekhethwayo ye ukucushwa okubonakalayo nokulula ukukwenza isipele ngamathuluzi avamile e-NAS.
- Amavolumu e-Docker: Lezi yizindawo zokugcina eziphethwe ngqo yi-Docker. Zisebenza kahle futhi ziyaphatheka kalula, okwenza zibe inketho efanelekile ye- izizindalwazi kanye nezimo zangaphakathi yohlelo lokusebenza lapho singadingi ukufinyelela nokubuka amafayela ngesandla.
Icebiso elibalulekile ukudala ifolda ezinikele ebizwa ngokuthi "i-docker-data" bese wenza amakhophi aphindaphindwayo ale ndlela. Awudingi ukwenza amakhophi angemuva ezithombe zesitsha (ezingalandwa kabusha), udinga idatha eqhubekayo nezimvume ezihambisanayo kuphela.
Izinto Ezibalulekile ze-Homelab yakho: Izitsha ezinhle kakhulu
Uma ungazi ukuthi uzoqala kuphi, kunezinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziguqula ulwazi lomsebenzisi ekhaya. Okokuqala, ukuhlunga inethiwekhi nge-DNS ngamathuluzi afana ne-Pi-hole noma i-AdGuard Home kukuvumela ukuthi uhlanze izikhangiso kuwo wonke amadivayisi ekhaya lakho ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini kufoni ngayinye noma ku-Smart TV.
Kubathandi bamafilimu nomculo, uhlelo lwezinsizakalo "ze-Arr" luyigugu elikhulu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Radarr, i-Sonarr, i-Lidarr, kanye ne-Overseer, ezihlanganiswe neklayenti le-torrent njenge-Deluge noma i-qBittorrent, zikuvumela ukuthi ulande futhi uhlele imitapo yolwazi yemidiya ngokuzenzakalela. Konke lokhu kuhambisana kahle ne -Plex noma i-Jellyfin , ezisebenza njengesikhungo sokusakaza somuntu siqu sokubuka okuqukethwe kunoma yisiphi isikrini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokukhiqiza kanye nobumfihlo. I-Stirling PDF iwummese we-Swiss Army wokuhlela ama-PDF endaweni yangakini nangasese, kuyilapho i-Whoogle Search inikeza imiphumela ye-Google ngaphandle kokulandelela okuhlaselayo kanye nezikhangiso. Ukuze uhlele isiphithiphithi sezixhumanisi, i-Linkwarden noma i-Linkding ziyizindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuphatha amabhukhimakhi ewebhu ngokwakho.
Ukuphepha nokufinyelela kude: Ungavuli ama-port ngokungazi
Ukuveza i-NAS yakho ngqo kwi-inthanethi kuwukudlala ngomlilo. Indlela yobungcweti kakhulu yokufinyelela izinsizakalo zakho ze-Docker ungaphandle kwenethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya iwukusebenzisa i- reverse proxy (njenge-Traefik noma i-Nginx Proxy Manager). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ube nephuzu elilodwa lokungena eliqondisa kabusha ithrafikhi ezitsheni ezahlukene usebenzisa amagama esizinda esikhundleni sokukhumbula ama-IP nama-port ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuze wengeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izitifiketi ze-SSL/TLS ukuze konke ukuxhumana kuhambe kubhalwe nge-HTTPS. Uma ufuna ukugwema izinkinga zesizinda, inketho ephephe kakhulu ukusetha i -VPN yomuntu siqu (njenge-WireGuard), ekuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele inethiwekhi yakho yendawo njengokungathi usegumbini lakho lokuphumula, ugcine zonke izinsizakalo zifihliwe emhlabeni wonke.
Amacala akhethekile: i-DSM ku-Docker
Kwabafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe noma labo abafuna ukuzama ngaphambi kokuthenga ihadiwe ebizayo, kunezinhlelo ezifana ne- virtual-dsm . Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Synology (DSM) ngaphakathi kwesitsha se-Docker kunoma yimuphi umshini we-Linux. Nakuba kungena esikhundleni samandla noma ukuphindaphinda kwe-RAID ebonakalayo, kuyilabhorethri emangalisayo yokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo , ukufunda isikhombimsebenzisi se-Synology, noma ukuhlanganisa i-NAS ebonakalayo kuseva ye-Proxmox.
Ukuze uqalise, mane usebenzise i-Docker Compose bese uchaza izinsiza ezidingekayo, njengosayizi wediski ebonakalayo kanye nama-port (ngokuvamile angu-5000). Kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuzama ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngisho nesenti futhi uqonde ukuthi ukuphathwa kwevolumu kusebenza kanjani endaweni elingisiwe.
Ukusebenzisa i-Docker ku-NAS kukuvumela ukuthi usuke ohlelweni lokugcina amafayela olulula uye ohlelweni lwesevisi olunamandla noluguquguqukayo, uma nje ubeka phambili ukuphikelela kwedatha ngamavolumu futhi uvikele ukufinyelela okukude ngama-proxies noma ama-VPN. Ngokuhlanganisa ukulula kokusebenzisa i-Synology noma i-QNAP graphical interfaces kanye nokuguquguquka kwamathuluzi afana ne-Portainer kanye nokwenza ngokuzenzakalela kwezinsizakalo ze-multimedia, noma yimuphi umsebenzisi angasetha isikhungo sedatha sasekhaya esisebenza kahle, esiphephile, nesingenziwa ngezifiso kakhulu.