- I-Freeware iyisofthiwe yamahhala engenamingcele yesikhathi, kanti i-shareware iyisilingo samahhala esidinga inkokhelo ukuze isetshenziswe ngokugcwele.
- Womabili amamodeli agcina ikhodi ivaliwe futhi ilawulwa ngumbhali, ngaleyo ndlela azihlukanise nesofthiwe yamahhala noma yomthombo ovulekile.
- Kunezinhlobo ezithile ezifana ne-adware, i-freemium, kanye ne-trialware ezivumelanisa ukwenza imali ngokuya ngemisebenzi yokukhangisa noma evinjiwe.
Ngokuqinisekile, ngesinye isikhathi, ngenkathi usesha ithuluzi le-PC yakho noma idivayisi yeselula, uhlangane namagama afana ne -freeware noma i-shareware futhi wazibuza ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini umehluko ngaphandle kokuthi womabili abonakala ekhululekile ekuqaleni. Iqiniso liwukuthi, yize engase abonakale efana ekuqaleni, imodeli yebhizinisi kanye nemigomo yokusebenzisa ihluke kakhulu, futhi ukunganaki umbhalo omncane welayisensi kungaholela kwezinye izinto ezimangazayo ezingathandeki.
Ukuze ugweme ukungena ungaboni, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isofthiwe akuyona nje ikhodi; iza nokugunyazwa okusemthethweni . Le layisensi inquma ukuthi ungayishintsha yini uhlelo, ukuthi kufanele ukhokhe ngemva kwenyanga, noma ukuthi umbhali unelungelo lokukuphonsa ngezikhangiso. Ake sihlukanise ngayinye yalezi zici ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi ufaka ini kukhompyutha yakho.
Iyini ngempela i-Freeware?
Uma sikhuluma nge-freeware, sibhekisela ezinhlelweni ezisatshalaliswa mahhala kumsebenzisi. Ungazilanda, uzifake, futhi uzisebenzise ngendlela ofuna ngayo ngaphandle komkhawulo wesikhathi obonakala uvimbela ukufinyelela kwakho. Kodwa-ke, kunemininingwane ebalulekile: ukuba mahhala akusho ukuthi kungumthombo ovulekile. Ku-freeware, unjiniyela ugcina ubunikazi, futhi ikhodi yomthombo ihlala ivaliwe , ngakho awukwazi ukuyishintsha ngendlela othanda ngayo.
Ngakho-ke, bayenza kanjani imali uma bengakhokhisi? Nokho, kunezindlela eziningana. Abanye basebenzisa imodeli yenguqulo ye-lite , okuyizinguqulo ezincishisiwe ezisebenza njengesicupho sokukwenza uthenge inguqulo ephelele kamuva. Abanye bakhetha ukufaka ukukhangisa ku-interface, noma bakwenza nje ngenxa yokukhushulwa komkhiqizo noma njengomnikelo emphakathini. Izibonelo ezicacile zifaka phakathi isiphequluli seMozilla Firefox , isidlali semidiya se-VLC , kanye nesofthiwe yokucindezela i-7-Zip.
Ukuqonda i-Shareware kanye nezinhlobo zayo
I-Shareware isebenza ngefilosofi yokuzama ngaphambi kokuthi uthenge . Yisofthiwe yezentengiselwano ekhishwa mahhala isikhathi esilinganiselwe noma enezici ezilinganiselwe ukuze abasebenzisi babone ukuthi bayayithanda yini bese benquma ukuthenga ilayisensi ephelele. Le modeli yathandwa kakhulu ngawo-80s no-90s, futhi namuhla siyibona kabanzi emhlabeni wemidlalo yevidiyo kanye nesofthiwe yobungcweti efana ne -Adobe Photoshop.
Ngaphakathi kwe-shareware kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi ukuze ugweme ukumangala:
- I-Trialware: Ikunika ukufinyelela okugcwele, kodwa nge- isikhathi esinqunyelwe (njengezinsuku ezingu-30); uma leso sikhathi sesidlulile, uhlelo luyakhiya.
- I-Crippleware: Ungayisebenzisa unomphela, kodwa ikhona imisebenzi ebalulekile ivaliwe, njengokungakuvumeli ukuthi ulondoloze noma uthumele ifayela.
- I-Nagware: Akuvimbi lutho, kodwa kukuhlasela ngebhomu amawindi ezigaxekile ngikucela ngokuphikelela ukuthi ukhokhe.
- I-Donationware: Uhlelo luyasebenza, kodwa umbhali ucela eyodwa umnikelo wokuzithandela ukuqhubeka nokusekela iphrojekthi.
- I-Freemium: Kuvamile kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeselula; unesisekelo samahhala esiwusizo, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-premium bayakhokhelwa.
Ukuqhathanisa okuqondile: I-Freeware vs i-Shareware
Ukuze kucace, umehluko omkhulu usekusatshalalisweni kanye nezindleko . Nakuba i-freeware imahhala futhi ingenazo imikhawulo yesikhathi, i-shareware iyisilingo samahhala esigcina sidinga inkokhelo ukuze kususwe imikhawulo. Ngokuphathelene nobunikazi, kuzo zombili izimo ilungelo lobunikazi livikelwe , futhi umsebenzisi akanayo ukufinyelela ikhodi yomthombo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile izimvume. I-Shareware ikhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi bazame ukwabelana ngedemo ukuze bakhiqize ukuthengisa. Ku-freeware, yize ukulanda kumahhala, unjiniyela angabeka imikhawulo yokusebenzisa , isibonelo, ukuvumela ukuthi kube mahhala kubasebenzisi basekhaya kodwa kudingeke amabhizinisi akhokhele ilayisense.
Isofthiwe yamahhala neyomthombo ovulekile: Elinye izwe
Kuvamile kakhulu ukudida i-freeware nesofthiwe yamahhala, kodwa imiqondo ehluke ngokuphelele. Isofthiwe yamahhala (njengephrojekthi ye -GNU/Linux ) isekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezine eziyisisekelo zokukhululeka: ukusebenzisa uhlelo nganoma iyiphi injongo, ukufunda ukusebenza kwalo ngokufinyelela ikhodi yomthombo , ukuyithuthukisa, nokusabalalisa amakhophi. Lapha, inkululeko ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngokuthakazelisayo, isofthiwe yamahhala akudingeki ukuthi ibe mahhala.
Ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkampani ezizimele ukuthi zingavali ikhodi yomthombo yesofthiwe yamahhala, kukhona i-Copyleft , eyalela ukuthi noma yiluphi uhlobo oluguquliwe luhlale lukhululekile. Lokhu kuphikisana ngqo ne-freeware kanye ne-shareware, okuyisofthiwe eyimfihlo , kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyayikhokhela noma cha.
Ezinye izigaba: i-Adware, i-Spyware, kanye ne-Abandonware
Ngezinye izikhathi, izinto zamahhala ziza ngentengo ephezulu maqondana nobumfihlo. I-Adware iyisofthiwe ezixhasa ngemali ngokubonisa ukukhangisa okuphazamisayo. Ingozi ivela uma ihlanganiswa ne -spyware , elandelela umsebenzi wakho ku-PC yakho ukuze ithengise idatha yakho noma, okubi nakakhulu, ivule iminyango ye-malware. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufunda iSivumelwano Selayisensi Yomsebenzisi Wokugcina (i-EULA) futhi ungafaki noma yini ethenjisiwe esikhangisweni sesibhengezo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezinhlelo zokulahla . Lezi izinhlelo ezingasenalo ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe noma kwezentengiselwano ngoba inkampani isiziyekile. Nakuba zisenawo amalungelo okushicilela, zikhona endaweni engaqondakali futhi zisatshalaliswa kumawebhusayithi abalandeli. Zivamile emidlalweni yamavidiyo emidala noma kubashayeli asebekhulile, kodwa zingaba yingozi yokuphepha uma zishintshwe ngendlela enonya.
Amathiphu okuphepha uma ulanda
Ukuze uvimbele ikhompyutha yakho ekubeni isisefo segciwane, kungcono ukugwema amasayithi okulanda avela eceleni alingisa lawo asemthethweni. Njalo iya kuwebhusayithi yonjiniyela . Futhi, ngesikhathi sokufaka, khetha njalo inketho yangokwezifiso ; ngale ndlela ungasusa ukumaka kulawo mabhokisi akhohlisayo azama ukungena ngamabha wamathuluzi noma isofthiwe exhasiwe ongayicelanga.
Ukuba ne-antivirus enhle kanye nohlelo lwe-antimalware olusesikhathini kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela, njengoba ezinye izinhlelo ze-shareware zingatholi ama-patches okuphepha aqhubekayo, okushiya ubuthakathaka obungaxhashazwa abaphangi. Ukuqapha kuyindlela engcono kakhulu lapho uzulazula ezweni lokulandwa kwamahhala.
Ukuzulazula ezweni lamalayisense esofthiwe kungabonakala kudida, kodwa isihluthulelo ukukhumbula ukuthi i-freeware imahhala futhi ihlala njalo, i-shareware iyisilingo esinosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi noma izici ezinqunyelwe, kanti isofthiwe yamahhala isofthiwe ekunikeza okhiye bekhodi yomthombo. Ekugcineni, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubeka phambili umthombo osemthethweni nokufunda izimvume ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ithuluzi lamahhala ekubeni yingozi yokuphepha kohlelo lwakho noma ubumfihlo bakho.
