Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Excel ukuze wenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi wonge amahora omsebenzi

Ikhaya » Ubuchwepheshe » Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Excel ukuze wenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi wonge amahora omsebenzi

Uma uchitha usuku lonke ufaka idatha ngesandla kumaspredishithi, uyazi ukuthi kungakhathaza kangakanani. Ukubuyekeza uhlu, ukukopisha nokunamathisela izibalo, noma ukufometha imibiko ngokuphindaphindiwe akugcini nje ngokudina; kwandisa namathuba okwenza amaphutha abese ebiza isikhathi nemali.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-Excel yakhelwe ngqo ukukusindisa kulowo msebenzi ophindaphindwayo. Ngamathuluzi afanele, ungenza ngokuzenzakalelayo noma yimuphi umsebenzi: kusukela ekufakweni kwedatha kuya ekungeniseni, ekuhlanzeni, nasekuguquleni ulwazi , kungaba ngama-macros, i-VBA, i-Power Query, noma ngisho nangokuyihlanganisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza noma amarobhothi e-RPA.

Kungani kufanele ukwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalela ku-Excel

Ukufaka idatha ngesandla ku-Excel kungenye yemisebenzi engasebenzi kahle kakhulu ehhovisi lanamuhla. Ukuphinda ukuchofoza okufanayo, ukuthayipha njalo amanani afanayo, noma ukukopisha nokunamathisela kusuka kwezinye izinhlelo kuholela ekukhathaleni, ekulahlekelweni kokugxila, kanye namaphutha ayisiwula (ukushintsha ikholomu, ukukhohlwa umugqa, ukukhetha ishidi elingalungile, njll.).

Ukuzenzakalela kuxazulula leyo nkinga ngqo. Ngokuhlela kahle i-Excel, ususa umsebenzi omningi ophindaphindwayo , unciphise kakhulu ingozi yamaphutha, futhi ukhulule isikhathi semisebenzi enenani eliphezulu: ukuhlaziya, ukwenza izinqumo, ukuhlela, noma ukusebenza namakhasimende.

Izinkampani eziningi sezivele zikuqondile lokhu. Imithombo eyahlukahlukene ikhombisa ukuthi amaphesenti aphezulu kakhulu ezinhlangano asebenzisa enye yalezi zinhlelo ukwenza imisebenzi ibe sezingeni elifanayo futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle . Futhi i-Excel idlala indima ehamba phambili ngoba idatha yayo ivame ukuba yisisekelo semibiko, izilawuli zezimali, izinqolobane, kanye nokuhlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Excel ayiyona yodwa. Ungahlanganisa imisebenzi yayo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi nezixazululo ze-robotic process automation (RPA), ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, noma amathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze ukhiphe idatha kuma-imeyili, ama-PDF, amawebhusayithi, noma ama-CRM bese uyingenisa ngqo kumaspredishithi akho ngaphandle kokuthi noma ubani athayiphe noma yini.

Ezigabeni ezilandelayo sizobona, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, indlela yokusebenzisa i-Excel ukuze yenze imisebenzi evamile ibe ngokuzenzakalelayo : ukuqopha ama-macro, ukuthuthukisa ukufakwa kwedatha ngamafomu nokuqinisekiswa, ukubhala ikhodi ye-VBA eguquguqukayo kakhudlwana, ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukungeniswa kwenqwaba nge-Power Query futhi, uma ufuna ukuya phambili, ukuthembela ezinhlelweni zokukhipha idatha ezisebenzisa i-RPA, i-Python noma i-AI.

Sebenzisa ithebhu Yonjiniyela bese uqonda ama-macro

Isango lokungena ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Excel lisebenzisa ama-macros kanye ne-VBA, futhi konke lokho kuhlala kuthebhu yonjiniyela. Le thebhu ifihliwe ngokuzenzakalelayo , kuzo zombili izinguqulo ze-Windows kanye ne-Mac, ngakho isinyathelo sokuqala ukuyenza ibonakale.

Ku-Excel ye-Windows, iya ku -File > Options > Customize Ribbon , thola uhlu lwamathebhu ayinhloko, bese uhlola ibhokisi elithi Developer (noma i-Programmer ezinguqulweni ezindala). Yamukela izinguquko, futhi uzobona ithebhu entsha enamaqembu afana ne-Code, Controls, kanye ne-Macros.

Ku-Mac, inqubo iyafana: iya ku -Excel > Izintandokazi > Ama-Toolbars kanye ne-Ribbon , futhi ngaphakathi kwesigaba sama-Main Tabs, khetha u-Developer. Uma ulondoloza, uzokwazi ukufinyelela i-macro recorder, i-Visual Basic Editor, kanye nezinketho zokuphepha kwekhodi.

Uma uqopha i-macro, i-Excel iqopha konke okwenzayo bese iyihumusha ibe yikhodi ye -Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) . Lolu limi, oluyingxenye ye-Visual Basic yakudala, luhlanganiswe cishe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Microsoft Office. Konke ukuchofoza ngokhiye, ukuchofoza, ifomethi esetshenzisiwe, ukuhlunga, ukuhlunga, noma ukungenisa idatha kusuka komunye umthombo kuguqulwa kube yimiyalelo ye-VBA.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi irekhoda ingokoqobo: ibamba cishe yonke into oyenzayo . Uma wenza iphutha, uchofoza inkinobho engalungile, noma ufometha iseli ngephutha, konke kuzoqoshwa ku-macro. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungahlanza ikhodi noma, uma iphutha libalulekile, urekhode kabusha inqubo, uzama ukuyenza ibe bushelelezi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Indlela yokurekhoda nokuphatha ama-macros ku-Excel isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ngaphambi kokurekhoda, kungumqondo omuhle ukucaca ngalokho ofuna ukukwenza. Ama-Macro asebenza kahle kakhulu uma enza inqubo osuvele uyazi ukuthi ingenziwa kanjani ngokuzenzakalela , njengokukhiqiza umbiko wanyanga zonke, ukusebenzisa ukufometha okujwayelekile etafuleni, noma ukungenisa idatha ngokuphindaphindiwe kusuka kufayela.

Amanye ama-nuances okufanele uwaqaphele ngaphambi kokuqala:

• Ama-macro asekelwe kububanzi asebenza kuphela kulolo bubanzi obungaguqukiUma uqopha inqubo ethinta u-A1 kuya ku-A10 bese wengeza imigqa eyengeziwe, i-macro izoqhubeka isebenza kuphela ku-A1:A10; ngeke izivumelanise ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Ngezinqubo ezinde kakhulu, ngokuvamile kungcono hlukanisa umsebenzi ube ama-macro amaningana amancane naqondile kune-macro enkulu okunzima ukuyinakekela.
• Ama-Macro awagcini ku-Excel. Bangakwazi ukusebenzisana nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Office ezisekela i-VBAnjenge-Word noma i-Outlook. Isibonelo, ukubuyekeza ithebula ku-Excel bese uvula umlayezo we-Outlook ngalelo thebula linamathiselwe emzimbeni we-imeyili.

Ukuze urekhode i-macro ku-Windows, kusuka kuthebhu yonjiniyela:

1. Qhafaza Qopha imakhro ngaphakathi kweqembu leKhodi (noma sebenzisa isinqamuleli i-Alt+T+M+R).
2. Ensimini ethi Igama le-Macro, bhala okuthile okuchazayo okuzokusiza ukulibona kamuva.
3. Ngokuzithandela, nika ukhiye wesinqamuleliKunconywa ukuthi ungasebenzisi ngokweqile izinqamuleli ezijwayelekile (isibonelo, gwema i-Ctrl+Z, i-Ctrl+C…) ngoba uzozilahla ngenkathi incwadi yokusebenza enama-macro ivuliwe.
4. Ku-Save macro in, khetha ukuthi izogcinwa kuphi: Le ncwadiincwadi entsha noma Incwadi yomuntu siqu ye-macroLeli lokugcina (i-Personal.xlsb) ifayela elifihliwe elivuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-Excel futhi likuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-macro kunoma iyiphi incwadi yokusebenzela.
5. Gcwalisa incazelo uma ufuna. Ukubhala phansi lokho okwenziwa yi-macro kuyasiza kakhulu uma uqoqa okuningi futhi awukhumbuli ukuthi ngayinye yayihloseni.
6. Chofoza u-Kulungile bese wenza zonke izenzo ofuna ukuzenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.
7. Uma usuqedile, buyela kuthebhu ethi Unjiniyela bese ukhetha Misa ukuqopha.

Ku-Mac, indlela yokusebenza ifana kakhulu, kunezindlela zemenyu kuphela ezishintshayo. Uma sekuqoshwe phansi, ungabuka futhi usebenzise ama-macro kusuka ku-Developer > Macros noma nge-Alt+F8 ku-Windows. Kulelo bhokisi lengxoxo, ungaqalisa, uguqule, ususe, noma wabele i-macro ezintweni ezahlukene.

Ukuze zifinyeleleke kalula, i-Excel ikuvumela ukuthi wabele ama-macro ezintweni ezisekhasini lakho lokusebenza : izimo, amashadi, izithombe, izinkinobho zefomu, noma ngisho nezithonjana ku-Quick Access Toolbar kanye neribhoni. Chofoza nje kwesokudla into, ukhethe i-Assign Macro, bese ukhetha i-macro oyifunayo.

Uma udinga ukuhambisa i-macro uye kwelinye ifayela, ungakopisha i-module equkethe yona kusuka ku-Visual Basic Editor. Vula i-editor ngo-Alt+F11, hudula i-module kusuka ku-Project Explorer uye kwenye incwadi yokusebenza (okumele ivuleke), noma sebenzisa izinketho zokuthumela/ukungenisa.

Ukusebenza ne-Visual Basic Editor kanye nemodeli yezinto ze-Excel

I-macro recorder iyindawo enhle yokuqala, kodwa ikhodi yayo ivame ukungasasebenzi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esinengqondo ukuvula i-Visual Basic Editor (VBE) bese uqonda ukuthi yini ebangela leyo miyalelo.

I-VBA kanye ne-Visual Basic zifana cishe ngendlela efanayo, kodwa i-VBA ifakiwe kuhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye lwe-Office futhi isebenza nesethi yayo yezinto. Endabeni ye-Excel, lokhu kufaka phakathi izincwadi zomsebenzi, amashidi okusebenzela, amabanga, amathebula e-pivot, amashadi, njalo njalo. Ngayinye iphathwa njengento enezakhiwo, izindlela, kanye nemicimbi.

I-Excel ihlela lezi zinto zibe yi-hierarchy eyaziwa ngokuthi i -Object Model (DOM) . Phezulu kukhona into ethi Application, lapho kuthathwa khona izincwadi zokusebenza ezivulekile, kanti ama-worksheet atholakala ezincwadini zokusebenza, njalo njalo kuya kumaseli kanye nezimo. Ukuqonda lolu hierarchy kubalulekile ekubhaleni ikhodi ehlanzekile nenamandla.

Ukuze kubhekiselwe entweni, i-syntax ivame ukusetshenziswa Uhlobo Lwento.Indlela (amapharamitha) noma ngokuxhumanisa amazinga amaningana ndawonye. Isibonelo:

Izincwadi Zokusebenza ("Umbiko.xlsm"). Amashidi Okusebenza ("Idatha"). Ububanzi ("B1"). Khetha

Uma usuvele ukuleyo ncwadi yokusebenzela futhi ukuleyo shidi, ungafushanisa ucingo lube yi- Range("B1") elula.Khetha . Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziningi ozidingayo sezivele zenziwe yi-Excel, ngakho akudingeki uzifake ngesandla; mane uzibhekisele kuzo, futhi zizokhishwa ngokuzenzakalelayo uma uvala uhlelo.

Ngaphakathi kwe-VBE, unamathuluzi afana ne- Object Explorer okubuka zonke izigaba ezitholakalayo, izakhiwo, kanye nezindlela, kanye ne-Immediate window noma ukusetshenziswa kwama-breakpoints okulungisa amaphutha ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Icebo eliwusizo kakhulu ukurekhoda i-macro eyenza umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi (isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ifomethi ethile) bese ufunda ikhodi yayo ukuze ufunde ukuthi yiziphi izakhiwo nezindlela ezihilelekile.

Amaqoqo angomunye umqondo obalulekile: ahlanganisa izinto zohlobo olufanayo, njenge -Worksheets (wonke amashidi encwadini yokusebenzela) noma i-Workbooks (zonke izincwadi zokusebenzela ezivulekile). Ungafinyelela izakhi zazo nge-index, ngegama, noma ngeziguquguquko, okukuvumela ukuthi wenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo emaqenjini ezinto usebenzisa ama-loop nezakhiwo zokulawula.

Yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufakwa kwedatha ngamafomu nokuqinisekiswa

Akuzona zonke izinto ezihilela ukuhlela. I-Excel ifaka imisebenzi yemvelo ekusiza ukuthi ulawule kangcono ukufakwa kwedatha futhi unciphise amaphutha ngaphandle kokubhala umugqa owodwa we-VBA: amafomu edatha akhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwedatha.

Ifomu ledatha liyithuluzi elingaziwa kakhulu elidala isikhombikubona sokubhalisa esilula kusuka etafuleni . Uma unethebula elinamakhanda acacile (Igama, Ikheli, Ucingo, njll.), ungasebenzisa umyalo weFomu kusuka ku-Quick Access Toolbar. Ukulichofoza kuzovula ifasitela elinamasimu ekholomu ngayinye.

Kusukela kuleli windi, ungangeza amarekhodi amasha, useshe akhona, uwaguqule, noma uwasuse ngaphandle kokuskrola emigqeni nasemakholomu, okusheshisa ukusebenza ngezinhlu ezinde. Lonke ushintsho olwenzayo efomini lubonakala ngqo kuthebula le-Excel.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa idatha ukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise imithetho yalokho okungafakwa kuseli. Lokhu kuvimbela amanani angenakwenzeka, ukufometha okungalungile, noma amaphutha okubhala. Isibonelo, ungakhawulela ububanzi kube izinombolo eziphelele phakathi kwamanani amabili, kube izinsuku ngaphakathi kwesikhathi, noma uphoqe umsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe ohlwini oluya phansi lwezinketho ezichazwe ngaphambilini.

Ukudala uhlu oluya phansi:

1) Khetha amaseli lapho ufuna avele khona.

2) Iya ku-Data > Ukuqinisekiswa Kwedatha.

3) Ku-Vumela, khetha u-List.

4) Faka amanani ahlukaniswe ngamakhoma noma ukhethe ububanzi obuwaqukethe.

5) Yamukela futhi uhlole imenyu eyehlayo.

Ukuze uthole imithetho ethuthukisiwe, inketho yefomula yangokwezifiso ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinkulumo ezinengqondo ukuze uqinisekise. Isibonelo, ungadinga ukuthi iseli lifomethwe njengekheli le-imeyili ngokuhlola ukuthi kukhona uphawu "@" kanye nesizinda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izixwayiso zokufaka kanye nezaziso zamaphutha kusiza ukuqondisa umsebenzisi ukuze azi ukuthi yini okufanele ayigcwalise esinyathelweni ngasinye.

Ama-Macro, izinkinobho, kanye nemikhuba emihle eyisisekelo yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela

Uma sekuqoshwe phansi, ama-macro angasebenza ngezindlela eziningi: izinqamuleli zekhibhodi, imenyu ye-macro, izinkinobho ekhasini lokusebenzela, noma izithonjana eziribhoni. Ukunikeza i-macro inkinobho yefomu kungenye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu kubasebenzisi abangebona ochwepheshe.

Kuthebhu ethi Unjiniyela, khetha u-Insert bese ukhetha Inkinobho (ukulawula ifomu) . Dweba inkinobho ekhasini lokusebenza, bese i-Excel izokubuza ukuthi iyiphi i-macro ofuna ukuyihlanganisa nayo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, ukuchofoza ngakunye kuzoqhuba yonke inqubo eqoshiwe: ukusebenzisa ukufometha, ukungenisa idatha, ukukhiqiza imibiko, njll.

Uma usebenza nama-macro, kufanelekile ukulandela izincomo ezithile:

• Zigcine zicacile futhi zilulaI-macro yenqubo ngayinye ethile ivame ukuba lula ukuyilungisa kune-macro eyodwa enkulu eyenza konke.
• Zama ngazo amakhophi noma idatha yesampula ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa kumafayela abalulekile, njengoba izenzo ze-macro zingenakukwazi ukuhlehliswa nge-Ctrl+Z.
• Misa kahle i- ukuphepha okukhulu ukuvimbela ukuthi izikripthi ezinonya zingasebenzi uma uvula amafayela ezinkampani zangaphandle.
• Bhala phansi, noma ngabe kuncane kangakanani, encazelweni noma kumazwana ngaphakathi kwekhodi ukuthi i-macro ngayinye yenzani nokuthi isebenza kumaphi amashidi noma ububanzi.

Uma inkampani yakho isivele isebenzisa ama-macro ukuze yenze izinyathelo ezithile zibe ngokuzenzakalela, lawo ma-macro afanayo angafakwa emisebenzini emikhulu. Amapulatifomu e-RPA angabangela ama-macro esikalini sebhizinisi , isibonelo, ukukhiqiza imibiko emikhulu, idatha ehlanzekile ezosetshenziswa kumamodeli okufunda komshini, noma ukuvumelanisa ulwazi phakathi kwezinhlelo.

Ukuphepha, amafomethi amafayela, kanye nezikhungo zokuthembela ku-Excel

Ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-VBA kuhilela ukusebenzisa ikhodi, futhi lokho kuhlala kunezingozi ezithile. I-Microsoft yethule izindlela ezahlukene zokuphepha zokuvimbela amagciwane amakhulu noma ikhodi enonya ukuthi ingasebenzi ingahlolwanga.

Kusukela ku-Excel 2007, kusetshenziswa izandiso zamafayela ezahlukene kuye ngokuqukethwe. Izincwadi zokusebenza ze-.xlsx azisekeli ama-macro noma ikhodi ye-VBA , ngakho-ke zibhekwa njengeziphephile kakhulu. Ukuze ugcine ama-macro, udinga ukulondoloza ifayela njenge-.xlsm (incwadi yokusebenza enikwe amandla yi-macro). I-"m" ikhombisa ukuthi iqukethe ikhodi esebenzisekayo.

Uma usebenza njalo ngama-macros, ungalungiselela i-Excel ukuze ilondoloze kufomethi ye-.xlsm ngokuzenzakalelayo , ugweme isidingo sokuyishintsha njalo uma uchofoza ku-Save As. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuya ku-File > Options > Save bese ukhetha uhlobo lwefayela oluzenzakalelayo.

Uma uvula incwadi yokusebenza enekhodi ye-VBA, i-Excel ivame ukubonisa ibha yesexwayiso ngaphansi kweribhoni ekhombisa ukuthi okuqukethwe okusebenzayo kukhutshaziwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ifayela alikho endaweni ethembekile . Indawo ethembekile yifolda oyibheka njengephephile futhi lapho ama-macro azovunyelwa khona ngaphandle kokubonisa izixwayiso njalo.

Ukuze udale enye yalezi zindawo, iya ku- Trust Center ngokuya ku-File > Options > Trust Center > Trust Center Settings. Esigabeni se-Trusted Locations, ungangeza amafolda amasha, kufaka phakathi izindawo zenethiwekhi. Lezi zinguquko zithinta i-Excel kuphela, hhayi ezinye izinhlelo ze-Office.

Esinye isendlalelo sokuvikela izitifiketi zedijithali kanye nokusayina ikhodi . Uma uthuthukisa izixazululo ze-VBA zamakhasimende noma inkampani yakho, ungasayina amaphrojekthi ngesitifiketi ukukhombisa ukuthi avela emthonjeni othembekile. Ukusayina kwenziwa kusukela ku-Visual Basic Editor, ngaphansi kwe-Tools > Digital Signature, ngokukhetha isitifiketi esifanele.

Ukuzenzakalela okuthuthukisiwe nge-VBA: izinto, imicimbi, namafomu

Uma irekhoda eyakhelwe ngaphakathi inganele, sekuyisikhathi sokubhala izinqubo zakho. Empeleni, i-macro iyinqubo ye -VBA Sub egcinwe kumojuli . Kusukela kuthebhu yonjiniyela, ungavula umhleli (Alt+F11), ufake imojuli entsha, bese uqala ukubhala.

Ukuhlela i-VBA kusekelwe emiqondweni yokuhlela eqondiswe ezintweni : yonke into ku-Excel iyinto enezakhiwo (isimo), izindlela (izenzo), kanye nemicimbi (ukusabela ezenzakalweni ezifana nokuvula incwadi yokusebenzela, ukushintsha iseli, noma ukucindezela inkinobho). Isibonelo, ungahlela uhlelo ukuze ukushintsha inani kuseli ethile kubale kabusha amanye amaphepha okusebenzela ngokuzenzakalelayo noma kukhiqize irekhodi kudathabheyisi.

Ngaphezu kwamamojula ajwayelekile, ungakha amafomu abasebenzisi (ama-UserForms) ngezilawuli ezifana namabhokisi ombhalo, uhlu oluya phansi, izinkinobho zomsakazo, kanye nemiyalo. Lawa mafomu angafana kakhulu nezinhlelo zokusebenza zedeskithophu futhi awusizo kakhulu ekwakheni izikrini zokufaka idatha ezilula ukusebenziseka kalula phezu kwamaspredishithi akho.

Indawo yokuthuthukiswa kwe-VBE ifana ne-Visual Studio: ungasetha ama-breakpoints, udlule ikhodi, uhlole iziguquguquko ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi ubonise imiphumela esheshayo efasiteleni le-Immediate. Konke lokhu kwenza ukulungisa amaphutha kube lula kakhulu lapho iskripthi sisebenza ngokungalindelekile.

Ukufunda izakhiwo zokulawula eziyisisekelo (Uma…Bese…Okunye, Ukuze…Okulandelayo, Yenza…Loop, Khetha Ikesi) kanye nokudlula emaqoqweni ezinto (wonke amashidi, zonke izincwadi zomsebenzi, zonke izinhlobo zetafula…) kuvula umnyango wokwenza imisebenzi engeke icatshangelwe ngesandla, njengokusebenzisa izinguquko ezihleliwe kumakhulu amashidi noma ukuhlanganisa ulwazi oluhlakazekile.

I-Power Query yokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukungenisa, ukuhlanza, nokubuyekeza idatha

Uma inkinga ingekho kakhulu ekubhaleni idatha kodwa ekungeniseni, ekuguquleni, nasekuyigcineni isesikhathini , ithuluzi eliyinhloko yi-Power Query. Ihlanganiswe ku-Excel (ithebhu yedatha > Thola & Guqula) futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uxhumeke emithonjeni eminingi: ezinye izincwadi zokusebenza ze-Excel, amafayela e-CSV, izizindalwazi, izinsizakalo zewebhu, amapulatifomu efu, nokuningi.

Indlela ejwayelekile yokusebenza nge-Power Query yile:

1. Xhuma emthonjeni wedathaKusuka ku-Data > Thola Idatha, ukhetha ukuthi uzoxhuma kufayela, kusizindalwazi, kuwebhu, noma kwenye isevisi.
2. Guqula idathaUmhleli we-Power Query uyavula, lapho ungahlunga khona imigqa, ushintshe izinhlobo zedatha, uhlanganise amakholomu, ususe ama-duplicate, ujoyine imibuzo eminingi, amathebula e-pivot/unpivot, kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi, konke kunesibonisi esisekelwe ekuchofozeni.
3. Layisha umphumelaNgokuchofoza u-Vala bese ulayisha, isethi yedatha yokugcina ifakwa eshidini le-Excel noma igcinwe njengoxhumano lwemibiko eguquguqukayo kuphela.

Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi i-Power Query igcina zonke lezi zinyathelo njengochungechunge oluphindaphindwayo. Uma idatha yomthombo ishintsha, umane uchofoze u-Refresh ukuze uphinde usebenzise ngokuzenzakalelayo izinguquko ezifanayo, ngaphandle kokuphinda umsebenzi wokuhlanza ngesandla.

Ezimweni ezisebenzisa ivolumu ephezulu, i-Power Query isebenza kahle kakhulu kunokuhlanza ngamafomula noma i-VBA, futhi inciphisa amaphutha abantu . Uma ihlanganiswe ne-Power BI, iba yisisekelo sezixazululo zokubika ezithuthukisiwe, kodwa ngisho nangaphakathi kwe-Excel, imelela igxathu elikhulu phambili uma kuqhathaniswa "nokukopisha nokunamathisela kusuka ku-CSV" okuvamile.

Ezinye izindlela zokwenza i-Excel isebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo: i-RPA, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye ne-AI

Ngaphandle kwamathuluzi endabuko, kukhona yonke i-ecosystem evumela i-Excel ukuthi isebenze kahle nezinye izinhlelo. Enye indlela enamandla kakhulu amapulatifomu e-Robotic Process Automation (RPA) . Lezi zixazululo zisebenzisa ama-bot esofthiwe alingisa izenzo zomsebenzisi: ukuhambisa igundane, ukuchofoza, ukuthayipha, ukufunda izikrini, njalo njalo.

Nge-RPA, ungafundisa irobhothi ngokubona (ukhombe bese uchofoza, uhudule bese uphonsa) inqubo ofuna ukuyenza ngokuzenzakalela: ukukhipha ulwazi kuwebhusayithi, ukukopisha ku-Excel, ukusebenzisa izihlungi, ukusebenzisa i-macro, nokugcina umphumela . Uhlelo luqopha lezi zinyathelo, luzihumushe ngosizo lombono wekhompyutha kanye ne-AI, bese luziphinda kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngesivinini somshini.

Lezi zinhlobo zezixazululo zilungele imisebenzi ebanzi kakhulu neyinkimbinkimbi, njenge:

- Dlulisa ulwazi phakathi kwe-Excel nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala ngaphandle kwe-API.

- Ukuklwebha izikrini zewebhu ukuze kugcwaliswe amaspredishithi.

– Sebenzisa ama-macro e-Excel ngendlela ehleliwe noma uphendula izenzakalo kwezinye izinhlelo.

Enye inketho yokwenza ngokuzenzakalela ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlanganisa angenayo ikhodi njenge-Zapier, Make, noma i-Microsoft Power Automate. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uxhume amafomu aku-inthanethi, ama-CRM, amathuluzi e-accounting, izinhlelo zokusekela, i-imeyili, nokuningi encwadini yakho yokusebenzela ye-Excel. Ngale ndlela, impendulo entsha yefomu noma i-imeyili engenayo ene-attachment ingabangela ukudalwa okuzenzakalelayo komugqa kuspredishithi sakho.

Kumaqembu obuchwepheshe, izilimi ezifana ne -Python (ezinemitapo yolwazi efana nama-panda, i-openpyxl, noma i-xlwings) zinikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokwenza i-Excel isebenze ngokuzenzakalela: izibuyekezo zencwadi yokusebenzela eningi, ukuhlanzwa kwedatha okuthuthukisiwe, ukungeniswa okuvela kuma-API noma izizindalwazi, ukukhiqizwa kwemibiko okuhleliwe, nokuningi. Kudinga ulwazi olwengeziwe lokuhlela, kodwa kuvula amathuba angelula ukuwasebenzisa ngqo ku-VBA.

Uma idatha ivela emithonjeni ehlelekile njengama-imeyili, ama-PDF, amadokhumenti askeniwe, noma imibiko ye-PDF, ukukhishwa okusebenzisa i-AI kuyasetshenziswa. Izinsizakalo ezikhethekile zikuvumela ukuthi uchaze amathempulethi namamodeli ukuze ubone izinkambu ezibalulekile (usuku, inani, iklayenti, incazelo, njll.) bese uthumela le datha ehlanziwe ku-Excel ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa noma ama-API, okuqeda ngokuphelele ukufakwa kwedatha ngesandla.

Imikhuba emihle kakhulu, izinkinga ezivamile kanye nendlela yokuzigwema

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukuzenzakalela kwakho kuyasimeme, kubalulekile ukusungula isisekelo esiqinile. Okokuqala, futhi mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, hlala ugcina amafayela akho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izinguquko ezizenzakalelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa ama-macros, i-VBA, noma i-Power Query. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, uzojabula ukuthi unendlela yokubuyela kuyo.

Kunconywa futhi ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukwenza okuzenzakalelayo ngezinga elincane . Sebenza kuqala ngesethi encane yedatha noma ikhophi yefayela lokuqala bese uqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela unjengoba ulindelwe. Uma usuqinisekisiwe, ungawusebenzisa kuyo yonke ivolumu ngokuzethemba okukhulu.

Ungakhohlwa ukubhala phansi. Bhala phansi kufayela elihlukile noma eshidini elithi "Izilungiselelo" ukuthi yimaphi ama-macro akhona, yiziphi izikripthi ze-VBA ezisebenzayo, yimiphi imibuzo ye-Power Query elayisha idatha, kanye nemithetho yokuqinisekisa esebenzayo. Lo mbhalo ubaluleke kakhulu uma omunye umuntu edinga ukugcina umsebenzi wakho noma uma ubuyela kufayela ezinyangeni kamuva.

Ngokombono wokuphepha, vikela amafayela abucayi, khawulela ukufinyelela, sebenzisa izindawo ezithembekile ngendlela efanele, futhi uqaphele kakhulu lapho uvula ama-macro avela ezincwadini zokusebenza zangaphandle . Uma ungaqiniseki ngemvelaphi noma injongo yawo, wavule endaweni ehlukanisiwe noma lapho ama-macro ekhutshaziwe.

Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza, i-Excel ingahlushwa amafomula aguquguqukayo ngokweqile, ama-VBA loops alungiselelwe kabi, noma imibuzo ye-Power Query eklanywe kabi. Ukuze uthuthukise isivinini, nciphisa amafomula ahlala ebala kabusha , sebenzisa amathebula ahlelekile, futhi, kumaskripthi asebenzisa izinsiza eziningi, khubaza okwesikhashana ukubala okuzenzakalelayo kanye nezibuyekezo zesikrini kuze kube yilapho inqubo iphela.

Kuvamile ukuhlangana nezinkinga: ama-macro angeke asebenze ngoba izilungiselelo zokuphepha ziyawavimba, izikripthi ze-VBA eziphonsa amaphutha ngenxa yamagama apelwe kabi, ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha okungasetshenziswa kulo lonke ikholomu, imibuzo ye-Power Query eyeka ukubuyekezwa ngoba ifayela lomthombo lisusiwe, noma izincwadi zomsebenzi eziba kancane njengoba zikhula kakhulu. Ukwazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okulungisa amaphutha nokuhlola ngokucophelela ububanzi, izindlela, namagama ngokuvamile kuxazulula iningi lalezi zinkinga.

Ukwazi lezi zindlela kuguqula i-Excel ibe okungaphezu nje kwespredishithi elula: iba yipulatifomu yangempela yokwenza ngokuzenzakalela inqubo yedatha . Ukuqala ngokurekhoda ama-macro alula, uqhubekele kumafomu, ukuqinisekiswa, kanye ne-Power Query, bese uthuthukela ku-VBA, i-RPA, kanye nokuhlanganiswa, ungakha imisebenzi yokusebenza eqinile ekusebenzela ngemuva, okukuvumela ukuthi ugxile kulokho okwengeza inani ngempela.